Four killed in Kashmir protests against alleged Qur'an desecration
As news of the shooting spread, there were further protests and clashes with police elsewhere in the restive Himalayan state that is claimed by both Pakistan and India.
The two states have fought three wars over Kashmir, which was split between them shortly after independence in 1947, and Thursday's violence prompted fears of new unrest.
In 2010, Srinagar and other cities became caught in a bloody cycle of street demonstrations and police crackdowns: riot police opened fire on protests, which turned into riots, which in turn provoked more shootings; further killings then led to more unrest.
Politicians in Kashmir have called for marches and strikes on friday to protest against the latest deaths.
Although the brutal insurgency, which at its peak in the late 1990s claimed more than 1,000 lives a year, has now subsided, there has been a recent surge of violence in Kashmir.
On Wednesday a grenade attack in Srinagar, the principal city in the northern part of Kashmir known as "the Valley" killed one and injured four. Earlier this week, dozens were injured as youths throwing stones clashed with police in the city and the northern town of Sopore.
Last month, eight soldiers were shot dead when a convoy was attacked on the eve of the visit of the Indian prime minister, Manmohan Singh. In May, four soldiers died in an ambush. In March, five paramilitary policemen were killed.
Tens of thousands of people, mainly civilians, have been killed in the 24-year-old insurgency that has pitted Kashmiri and Pakistan-based separatist and Islamist groups against Indian government security forces and their local auxiliaries. Human rights abuses have been systematic and perpetrated by all sides.
The relative calm in recent years has boosted the economy with increasing commerce, particularly tourism, providing jobs for many young people and cutting support for extremism.
"It's much better than it was even a year or so ago. There's the occasional problem but it's nothing like before," said one Srinagar hotel-owner.
However audio or video clips of militant operations circulate widely on social media sites.
Omar Abdullah, the chief minister of Jammu and Kashmir, told the Guardian in an interview earlier this week that though there had been "a few high profile incidents … on the whole levels of violence were still lower" than in previous years.
"Support [for violent extremism] is not as broad as it used to be … You do find some amount of local support in pockets but those pockets have shrunk dramatically. There is a sense that the violence of the last 20-plus years has been futile," Abdullah, who leads the National Conference party, said.
The inspector general of the border security force (BSF), Rajive Krishan, told a news conference that Thursday's deaths occurred when his men and police fired to disperse a violent mob trying to get into a post in Gool district where arms and ammunition were stored.
"Our men used the force for self-defence," Krishan said.
Protesters said four members of the BSF apparently searching for militants had entered an Islamic school on Wednesday night, beaten students and desecrated the Qur'an, the Muslim holy book.
"As the news spread, people came out in protest, which continued throughout the night," one protester, Mehjoor Dar, told Reuters news agency.
Another protester, Ghulam Nabi, said about 5,000 people had gathered outside a BSF camp, some throwing stones, when members of the force opened fire.
Krishan rejected the protesters' accusation that his men had desecrated the Qur'an . He said "anti-national elements" had instigated the protest.
The Indian home minister, Sushilkumar Shinde, said he was saddened by the loss of life and appealed for calm. He said he had ordered an inquiry into what led to the violence.
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